Adverb

1. Pengertian Adverb

Adverb adalah kata yang memberikan keterangan atau informasi tambahan tentang:

1. Verb (kata kerja)
2. Adjective (kata sifat)
3. Adverb lain
4. Seluruh kalimat

Contoh:

• She runs quickly. (menjelaskan verb runs)
• It is very cold. (menjelaskan adjective cold)
• He speaks quite fluently. (menjelaskan adverb fluently)

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2. Fungsi Adverb

1. Menjelaskan cara (how)
2. Menjelaskan waktu (when)
3. Menjelaskan tempat (where)
4. Menjelaskan tingkat atau intensitas (to what extent)
5. Menjelaskan frekuensi (how often)
6. Menjelaskan alasan/tujuan

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3. Jenis-Jenis Adverb

a. Adverb of Manner (Cara)

Menjawab pertanyaan: How?

Contoh: slowly, quickly, carefully, loudly
Kalimat: She speaks softly.

b. Adverb of Time (Waktu)

Menjawab pertanyaan: When?

Contoh: now, yesterday, soon, later, today
Kalimat: We will meet tomorrow.

c. Adverb of Place (Tempat)

Menjawab pertanyaan: Where?

Contoh: here, there, outside, everywhere
Kalimat: The kids are playing outside.

d. Adverb of Frequency (Frekuensi)

Menjawab pertanyaan: How often?

Contoh: always, usually, often, sometimes, never
Kalimat: He always wakes up early.

e. Adverb of Degree (Tingkat/Intensitas)

Menjawab pertanyaan: How much? / To what extent?

Contoh: very, quite, too, enough, almost
Kalimat: I'm very happy.

f. Adverb of Purpose/Reason (Tujuan/Alasan)

Menjawab pertanyaan: Why?

Contoh: so, therefore, thus, hence
Kalimat: He was tired, so he went to bed early.

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4. Posisi Adverb dalam Kalimat

Jenis Adverb	Posisi dalam Kalimat	Contoh
Manner	Setelah verb utama atau objek	He drives carefully.
Time	Awal/akhir kalimat	Yesterday, I went shopping.
Place	Setelah verb atau objek	She looked everywhere.
Frequency	Sebelum verb utama, sesudah to be	He always eats breakfast.
Degree	Sebelum adjective/adverb lain/verb tertentu	It is too cold.
Purpose/Reason	Awal atau tengah kalimat	So, we decided to leave.

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5. Pembentukan Adverb

Banyak adverb dibentuk dengan menambahkan akhiran -ly pada adjective:

Adjective	Adverb
slow	slowly
quick	quickly
careful	carefully
happy	happily
loud	loudly

Pengecualian:

• good → well
• fast → fast
• hard → hard

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6. Contoh Kalimat dengan Adverb

• He rarely watches TV. (frekuensi)
• The students studied hard for the test. (cara)
• We arrived late. (waktu)
• She put the book there. (tempat)
• The movie was quite interesting. (tingkat intensitas)

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7. Latihan Soal

🔍 Pilih adverb yang tepat untuk melengkapi kalimat berikut:

She dances __________.
(beautiful / beautifully)
I will call you __________.
(later / late)
He speaks English very __________.
(good / well)
They __________ go to the gym on weekends.
(always / never)
The baby is sleeping __________.
(quiet / quietly)

✅ Jawaban:

• beautifully
• later
• well
• always
• quietly

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8. Tips Menguasai Adverb

• Perhatikan konteks kalimat (waktu, tempat, cara, dll).
• Buat kalimat sendiri dengan jenis adverb berbeda.
• Baca teks berbahasa Inggris dan temukan adverb-nya.
• Gunakan adverb dalam speaking & writing untuk lebih ekspresif.